Slope stability analysis using evolutionary optimization techniques          下载免费PDF全文

A.H. Gandomi  A.R. Kashani  M. Mousavi  M. Jalalvandi 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2017,41(2):251-264

Slope stability optimization, in the presence of a band of a weak layer between two strong layers, is accounted for in complicated geotechnical problems. Classical optimization algorithms are not suitable for solving such problems as they need a proper preliminary solution to converge to a valid result. Therefore, it is necessary to find a proper algorithm which is capable of finding the best global solution. Recently a lot of metaheuristic algorithms have been proposed which are able to evade local minima effectively. In this study four evolutionary algorithms, including well‐known and recent ones, such as genetic algorithm, differential evolution, evolutionary strategy and biogeography‐based optimization (BBO), are applied in slope stability analysis and their efficiencies are explored by three benchmark case studies. Result show BBO is the most efficient among these evolutionary algorithms and other proposed algorithms applied to this problem. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

甘孜-玉树断裂带晚第四纪走滑速率与滑动分解作用     

吕丽星  李传友  魏占玉  董金元  谭锡斌  石峰  苏鹏 《震灾防御技术》2017,12(3):456-468

滑动速率是研究断裂运动学特征、地震活动性和区域应变分配的重要参数和依据。前人关于甘孜-玉树断裂带滑动速率的研究结果存在较大差异，因此，其晚第四纪滑动速率有待进一步调查研究。本文基于卫星影像解译和野外实地考察，对甘孜-玉树断裂带西段（玉树断裂）上典型断错地貌点进行测量分析，得到玉树断裂晚第四纪走滑速率为6.6±0.1-7.4±1.2mm/a。通过与前人对甘孜-玉树断裂带东段（甘孜断裂）滑动速率的研究结果进行对比，发现甘孜-玉树断裂带东、西段滑动速率不一致，其原因是甘孜断裂的左旋滑移在向西传递的过程中，一部分应变被分配到了巴塘盆地南缘断裂上。巴塘盆地南缘断裂的存在很好地解释了玉树断裂的走滑速率比甘孜断裂偏低的原因。但是，从区域变形来看，巴塘盆地南缘断裂分配的滑动速率恰好说明了甘孜-玉树断裂带东、西段及鲜水河断裂带的水平构造变形是协调一致的。  相似文献   

基于多普勒频移的单频载波相位周跳探测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

任永超  汪顺喜  方荣新 《测绘信息与工程》2010,35(1):8-10

阐述了多普勒探测周跳的原理，利用了静态和车载动态高频数据的L1上的载波和多普勒观测值，试验探测了其周跳。  相似文献   

Study of bond stress–slip relationship and radial dilation in prestressed concrete     

José Mª Benítez  J.C. Gálvez  M.J. Casati 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(16):2706-2726

This paper presents two test procedures for evaluating the bond stress–slip and the slip–radial dilation relationships when the prestressing force is transmitted by releasing the steel (wire or strand) in precast prestressed elements. The bond stress–slip relationship is obtained with short length specimens, to guarantee uniform bond stress, for three depths of the wire indentation (shallow, medium and deep). An analytical model for bond stress–slip relationship is proposed and compared with the experimental results. The model is also compared with the experimental results of other researchers. Since numerical models for studying bond‐splitting problems in prestressed concrete require experimental data about dilatancy angle (radial dilation), a test procedure is proposed to evaluate these parameters. The obtained values of the radial dilation are compared with the prior estimated by numerical modelling and good agreement is reached. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Comparison of the ‘strike‐slip’ versus the ‘episodic rift‐sag’ models for the origin of the Isa Superbasin     

P. G. Betts  G. S. Lister 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(2):265-280

In this paper we assess two competing tectonic models for the development of the Isa Superbasin (ca 1725–1590 Ma) in the Western Fold Belt of the Mt Isa terrane. In the ‘episodic rift‐sag’ tectonic model the basin architecture is envisaged as similar to that of a Basin and Range province characterised by widespread half‐graben development. According to this model, the Isa Superbasin evolved during three stages of the Mt Isa Rift Event. Stage I involved intracontinental extension, half‐graben development, the emergence of fault scarps and tilt‐blocks, and bimodal volcanism. Stage II involved episodic rifting and sag during intervening periods of tectonic quiescence. Stage III was dominated by thermal relaxation of the lithosphere with transient episodes of extension. Sedimentation was controlled by the development of arrays of half‐grabens bounded by intrabasinal transverse or transfer faults. The competing ‘strike‐slip’ model was developed for the Gun Supersequence stratigraphic interval of the Isa Superbasin (during stage II and the beginning of stage III). According to this model, sinistral movements along north‐northeast‐orientated strike‐slip faults took place, with oblique movements along northwest‐orientated faults. This resulted in the deposition of southeast‐thickening ramp sequences with local sub‐basin depocentres forming to the west and north of north‐northeast‐ and northwest‐trending faults, respectively. It is proposed that dilation zones focused magmatism (e.g. Sybella Granite) and transfer of strike‐slip movement resulted in transient uplift along the western margin of the Mt Gordon Arch. Our analysis supports the ‘episodic rift‐sag’ model. We find that the inferred architecture for the strike‐slip model correlates poorly with the observed structural elements. Interpretation is made difficult because there has been significant modification and reorientation of fault geometry during the Isan Orogeny and these effects need to be removed before any assertion as to the basin structure is made. Strike‐slip faulting does not explain the regional‐scale pattern of basin subsidence. The ‘episodic rift‐sag’ model explains the macroscopic geometry of the Isa Superbasin and is consistent with the detailed sedimentological analysis of basin facies architecture, and the structural history and geometry.  相似文献   

汶川地震震前与同震断层滑移的比较分析     

梁向洲  郝圣旺 《震灾防御技术》2017,12(1):107-114

本文利用GPS观测的1999-2007年汶川震前3期地表变形数据和2008年汶川同震地表变形数据，结合地震位错理论，通过高斯变换和坐标旋转建立断层模型，运用遗传算法，反演了龙门山断裂带断层震前3期和同震滑动参数。结果表明龙门山断层震前3期平均走滑位移为-5.39mm，倾向位移为2.66mm，与同震断层滑移相比较，发现震前断层的滑移趋势与同震断层滑移一致，均为逆冲兼右旋的挤压运动。比较震前3期逆冲方向的滑移量，发现逆冲滑移有加速的现象。并根据震前和同震的断层滑动量估算了汶川地震复发周期。  相似文献   

蔚广盆地南缘断裂带唐山口段山前断层活动性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王林  田勤俭  李德文  张效亮 《震灾防御技术》2017,12(2):319-328

蔚广盆地是山西地堑系北端京西北盆岭构造区内的一个半地堑盆地，蔚广盆地南缘断裂带为控制该盆地形成的边界断裂。该断裂带位于唐山口段的山前断裂在冲洪积扇体上形成了线性特征显著的断层陡坎。横跨断层陡坎开挖的探槽表明该条山前断裂属于全新世活动断裂，探槽揭示了2条活动断层以及相应的3次古地震事件。在距今约9ka时其中一条断层首次活动，之后在距今约7.3ka时该条断层再次活动并引发了另一条断层的形成与同步活动。最后它们又发生了第三次活动，而最新一次活动的时间由于相应地表沉积的缺失而无法获得。这3次古地震事件的累积垂直位错约为8.1m。估算出整条山前断裂的平均复发周期约为1.7ka、平均滑动速率约为1.6mm/a。此外还依据经验公式估算出了各次古地震的参考震级。  相似文献   

星载GPS载波相位周跳探测方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭淑艳  郭金运  张莉娜 《测绘科学》2006,31(4):54-56

在星载GPS载波相位测量中,周跳的探测与修复对最后的定位精度起着至关重要的作用。本文根据在星载条件下GPS载波相位测量的观测时间短、环境变化复杂、所得历元少和基本不受对流层延迟影响等特点,论述了适用于星载高动态环境GPS载波相位周跳探测和修复的方法,并指出各种方法的特点和适用要求。  相似文献   

GPS多路径效应实例计算与分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

郭杭  余敏  薛光辉 《测绘科学》2006,31(5):95-96,56

本文讨论了一个GPS伪距多路径值计算及其频谱分析的方法。文中首先介绍了GPS多路径试验测量和观测数据采集的程序。然后探测和修复周跳、再利用伪距多路径计算公式,获得GPS测量中的伪距多路径值。实例证明该方法有效地计算出了伪距多路径值。  相似文献   

基于Sentinel-1A的2021年双湖M_W5.7地震同震破裂模型     

夏涛  刘小利  余鹏飞  邓德贝尔  乐子扬  高天琪 《大地测量与地球动力学》2022,42(5):533-540

利用Sentinel-1A SAR数据提取2021年西藏双湖县M_W5.7地震同震形变场及2.5D形变场,反演断层滑动分布模型。计算不同节面解为接收断层产生的库仑应力变化差异确定发震构造,并结合余震分布信息评估未来地震风险性。结果表明,地震震中为34.37°N、87.71°E,震源深度6.51 km,发震断层倾向东、走向33°、倾角50°、平均滑动角-74°,以倾滑为主兼有少量左旋走滑分量,最大滑动量0.26 m。短时间内,震区南部地震风险较小,北部则需要结合更多资料进一步分析。本次地震是在羌塘块体持续向东扩张的背景下,受EW向拉伸作用使得黄水湖正断层发生的一次弥散型变形活动,SN向地堑得到进一步扩张。  相似文献